代词用法:关系代词which有何用法
- 英语语法
- 2025-01-25
- 17热度
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关系代词 which 是英语中常用的定语从句引导词,用于指代物或事情。它在定语从句中可以作主语、宾语或定语,帮助修饰先行词。以下是 which 的详细用法,包括具体例句和注意事项,帮助你更好地理解和使用它。
一、which 的基本用法
1. 含义
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which 用于指代物或事情,表示“哪一个”或“哪些”。
2. 用法
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引导定语从句:修饰先行词,通常用于指物。
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位置:紧跟在先行词后面。
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功能:在从句中可以作主语、宾语或定语。
二、which 的具体用法
1. 作主语
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which 在定语从句中作主语,表示“哪一个”或“哪些”。
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例句:
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The book which I bought yesterday is very interesting.(我昨天买的那本书非常有趣。)
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The house which has a big garden is very expensive.(有大花园的那座房子非常贵。)
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2. 作宾语
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which 在定语从句中作宾语,表示“哪一个”或“哪些”。
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例句:
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The book which I read last night is on the table.(我昨晚读的那本书在桌子上。)
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The house which we visited last week is for sale.(我们上周参观的那座房子正在出售。)
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3. 作定语
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which 在定语从句中作定语,表示“哪一个”或“哪些”。
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例句:
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The book whose cover is red is mine.(封面是红色的那本书是我的。)
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The house whose garden is very big is very expensive.(有大花园的那座房子非常贵。)
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三、which 的特殊情况
1. 非限制性定语从句
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which 用于引导非限制性定语从句,对先行词进行补充说明,通常用逗号隔开。
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例句:
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The book, which I bought yesterday, is very interesting.(这本书,我昨天买的,非常有趣。)
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The house, which has a big garden, is very expensive.(这座房子,有大花园,非常贵。)
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2. 指代整个句子
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which 有时可以指代整个句子的内容,表示“这一点”或“这件事”。
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例句:
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He failed the exam, which made his parents very upset.(他考试没通过,这让他父母非常难过。)
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She arrived late, which caused a lot of trouble.(她迟到了,这引起了很多麻烦。)
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四、which 与 that 的区别
1. 指代对象
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which:通常用于指物。
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that:用于指人或物。
2. 用法
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which:
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用于引导定语从句,修饰先行词。
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可以用于限制性或非限制性定语从句。
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that:
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用于引导限制性定语从句,修饰先行词。
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通常不用于非限制性定语从句。
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3. 例句
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which:
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The book which I bought yesterday is very interesting.(我昨天买的那本书非常有趣。)
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The house which has a big garden is very expensive.(有大花园的那座房子非常贵。)
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that:
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The book that I bought yesterday is very interesting.(我昨天买的那本书非常有趣。)
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The house that has a big garden is very expensive.(有大花园的那座房子非常贵。)
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五、例题
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题目:The book _____ I bought yesterday is very interesting.
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A. which
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B. that
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答案:A(which)或 B(that)
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解析:修饰先行词 book,用 which 或 that。
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题目:The house _____ has a big garden is very expensive.
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A. which
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B. that
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答案:A(which)或 B(that)
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解析:修饰先行词 house,用 which 或 that。
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题目:The book _____ I read last night is on the table.
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A. which
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B. that
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答案:A(which)或 B(that)
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解析:修饰先行词 book,用 which 或 that。
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题目:He failed the exam, _____ made his parents very upset.
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A. which
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B. that
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答案:A(which)
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解析:指代整个句子的内容,用 which。
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题目:The book, _____ I bought yesterday, is very interesting.
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A. which
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B. that
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答案:A(which)
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解析:用于非限制性定语从句,用 which。
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六、总结
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which:
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用法:用于指代物或事情,引导定语从句,修饰先行词。
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功能:在从句中可以作主语、宾语或定语。
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例句:The book which I bought yesterday is very interesting.(我昨天买的那本书非常有趣。)
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希望这些内容能帮助你更好地理解和掌握关系代词 which 的用法。